Tharus have their own language, culture, tradition, practices, and organizational institution that are very different from mainstream society of Nepal. However, the western and eastern Tharus have different cultures and social organizations.

Tharus are fond of fishing. Tharu men and women, young and old, fish throughout the year. Fishing is regarded as a pleasant pastime.

The spiritually profound Lasta Samyak Mahadaan, a centennial Newa Buddhist almsgiving tradition, was held in Nyakhachok, Lalitpur, on Poush 30 and Magh 1 (2082 BS). This elaborate festival, dedicated to Dipankara Buddha and rooted in ancient lineage and community practice, last occurred a hundred years ago.

Cham Dance—which has been notably referred to as a ‘great mandala of action’ and can only be performed by monks—is unique to Tibetan Buddhism, or Vajrayana. It is at one and the same time intimate and spectacular: in spite of being visually overwhelming and vibrant, it acts as a form of meditation for the dancers and spectators alike.

Arghum is a funerary practice that is usually performed on the 45th day after death by the Gurung community.

Mani Rimdu, a vibrant Buddhist festival, is a 19-day sequence of sacred ceremonies and empowerments, culminating in a 3-day public festival. It is celebrated by Sherpa and Tibetan communities in the Everest region

Each year, busloads of devotees from across Nepal and India converge at her birthplace in Janakpur in Southern Nepal to honor and celebrate her marriage to the God Ram of Ayodhya. This sacred occasion, known as Bibaha Panchami, is observed on the fifth day of the waxing moon in late November or early December.

Sama Chakhewa is celebrated in the Mithila region in the month of Kārtik (mainly November). This festival is celebrated by sisters for the welfare and prosperity of their brothers.