Nepal contributes less than 0.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions, yet it remains highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. From retreating Himalayan glaciers and unpredictable monsoons to floods, landslides, and threats to agriculture and hydropower, climate change is already reshaping lives and landscapes across the country. This article explores why Nepal is particularly vulnerable, examining the role of its geography, fragile mountain ecosystems, and dependence on climate-sensitive resources. It also introduces the concept of climate justice, highlighting the unequal distribution of responsibility and risk in the global climate crisis and why Nepal's experience raises important questions about who contributes to climate change and who bears its greatest consequences.

Before Kathmandu expanded into the dense urban landscape we know today, it was once rich in exactly these kinds of natural systems. The flood damage during the monsoon and water scarcity in the dry months both these problems should not be viewed as separate issues. Groundwater depletion and urban flooding are two symptoms of the same urban planning decisions.

The global energy crisis has raised prices of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) from Rs 1,910 for a 14.2kg cylinder before the West Asia War to Rs 2,010 today.

In Nepal’s southern plains, Indigenous communities such as the Tharu and Yadav use traditional earthen storage bins (dehari) to safely store grains and seeds, relying on knowledge passed down through generations.